The rolling return of mutual funds shows how a scheme has performed over many different time periods (within a long investment span). It shows how the fund performed during rising markets, falling markets, and sideways markets. By looking at results across multiple holding periods (say 1, 3, or 5 years), you can understand the volatility of a mutual fund scheme.
Okay, but can’t this be understood through traditional return calculations? Nope! A traditional or normal return depends on one fixed “start date” and one fixed “end date”. Now, a misleading result can be arrived at if either date falls during a market peak or a market fall.
As a result, a fund may look strong or weak only because of timing (not because of its actual behavior). The solution? Rolling returns were developed to remove this “timing bias”. Read this article to learn everything about them.
Table of Content
What are Rolling Returns of Mutual Funds?
Rolling returns show how an investment performs across many different starting points for the same holding period. This method does not check returns from one fixed date to another. Instead, returns are calculated repetitively by moving the start date forward at a fixed frequency (daily, monthly, or yearly). Each calculation assumes you invested for the same length of time.
When rolling returns are calculated over many years, they could answer three basic questions:
| Questions | Explanation |
| 1. Are the returns steady or unpredictable? |
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| 2. How frequently do different “return levels” occur? |
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| 3. What happens when you stay invested longer? |
And/or
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In this way, by calculating returns for many “overlapping periods”, rolling returns show how the mutual fund performed across different market phases. As an investor, you can see whether returns are repeatable or driven by a single favorable period.
How to find Rolling Returns of Mutual Funds?
In rolling return calculation, the performance of a mutual fund scheme is measured repeatedly using different starting points. Let’s understand in simple steps how to find rolling returns of mutual funds:
Step 1: Select a Starting Point
First, decide from where you want to begin the analysis. This can be a specific date, such as the start of a year or any past date for which fund data is available. Note that this date is only the “first reference point”. Later, more dates will also be used.
Step 2: Fix the Investment Period
Decide how long each investment will last. This could be 1 year, 3 years, 5 years, or any other period. This duration remains the same for every calculation. For example:
Let’s say you choose a 3-year period.
Now, every return you calculate will assume a 3-year investment.
Step 3: Move the Start Date and Recalculate
Calculate the return from the starting date for the chosen period. Next, shift the starting date forward by a fixed gap, such as:
One day
One month
One year
Now, calculate the return again for the same period. This process is repeated until you reach the end of the analysis timeline.
Step 4: Review or Average the Results
After all rolling returns are calculated, you can:
Study the full set of returns to see the range and pattern OR
Calculate the average to get a “summary figure”.
By doing so, you can analyse how a mutual fund has behaved across different market phases. Instead of manual calculations, you can also use the rolling return calculator offered by Tata Mutual Fund™.
For more clarity, check out the rolling return calculation example related to Nifty 50 rolling returns.
Rolling Return Calculation Example
Assume the NIFTY 50 index delivered the following annual returns over five years:
Year | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Year 5 |
Annual Return | 8% | 10% | 5% | 12% | 9% |
Disclaimer: The annual returns shown above are hypothetical and used only for educational and illustrative purposes. They do not represent actual NIFTY 50 returns, past performance, or any guarantee of future results. This example is intended solely to explain the concept of rolling returns and should not be treated as investment advice.
Now, we calculate 3-year rolling returns using the above hypothetical data.
This assumes you invested at the start of Year 1 and stayed invested for 3 years.
So, the average return from Year 1 to Year 3 is:
= (8%+10%+5%)/3 = 7.76%
If you had invested in NIFTY 50 at the start of Year 1 and remained invested until the end of Year 3, your average annual return would have been 7.67%.
Now shift the starting point by one year. This assumes investment from Year 2 to Year 4. So, the average return from Year 2 to Year 4 is:
= (10%+5%+12%)/3 = 9%
If you had invested one year later, at the start of Year 2, and stayed invested for 3 years (until Year 4), your return would have been 9%.
Shift the period forward again by one year. This assumes investment from Year 3 to Year 5. So, the average return from Year 3 to Year 5 is:
= (5%+12%+19%)/3 = 8.67%
If you had invested at the start of Year 3 and remained invested for 3 years (until Year 5), your return would have been 8.67%.
The Final 3-Year Rolling Returns
Investment Period | 3-Year Rolling Return |
Year 1 to Year 3 | 7.67% |
Year 2 to Year 4 | 9% |
Year 3 to Year 5 | 8.67% |
So, you can observe that returns stay between 7.67% and 9%. There are no extreme highs or deep losses.
Why use rolling returns to evaluate a mutual fund in 2026?
The World Economic Forum’s Global Risks Report 2026 indicates the year 2026 to be “turbulent” and “stormy” (in both short-term and long-term outlooks). In such phases of significant uncertainty, judging a mutual fund using one fixed return number is not enough!
That’s why rolling returns of mutual funds could also be a useful metric. Let’s see why:
A) Removes the Impact of Timing
A single return may look strong or weak only because it starts or ends during a market peak or fall. Rolling returns check performance across many starting points, so the result does not depend on any one favourable period.
B) Aims to Display Consistency
Traditional returns usually answer: “What return did the fund give?” but rolling returns answer: “How often did the fund deliver similar returns? This allows investors to identify funds that perform steadily across different market phases.
C) Reveals Risk
When rolling returns show large gaps between the highest and lowest values, it indicates unstable performance of a mutual fund. Also, it points towards a greater dependence on timing:
Investors who enter at a favourable time may earn high returns.
Investors who enter at an unfavourable time may earn low or negative returns.
In contrast, when the range is narrow, it shows lower volatility.
Conclusion
So now you know what rolling returns in mutual funds are and why they are a preferred evaluation metric in 2026. Rolling returns measure how a mutual fund performs over the same investment duration by repeatedly shifting the starting date. Instead of relying on one entry and exit point, this method tests performance across multiple market phases and investor entry points.
In turbulent conditions like those expected in 2026, judging a fund based on a single return figure can be misleading. Rolling returns could address this limitation by reducing timing bias. Their analysis could tell you “how often similar outcomes occurred” and “how widely returns varied for the same holding period”. Ultimately, this knowledge can help you invest better in mutual fund schemes.
Disclaimer:
The views mentioned above are for information & educational purposes only and do not construe to be any investment, legal, or taxation advice. Investors must do their own research before investing. The views expressed in this article are personal in nature and in is no way trying to predict the markets or to time them. Any action taken by you on the basis of the information contained herein is your responsibility alone, and Tata Asset Management Pvt. Ltd. will not be liable in any manner for the consequences of such action taken by you. Please consult your Mutual Fund Distributor before investing. The views expressed in this article may not reflect in the scheme portfolios of Tata Mutual Fund. There are no guaranteed or assured returns under any of the schemes of Tata Mutual Fund.
*Mutual Fund Investments are subject to market risks, please read all scheme related documents carefully.
